G. Vesicular mole

G. Hydatidiform mole: (molar pregnancy) 

It is characterized by cystic degeneration of chorionic villi and trophoblastic proliferation. These are associated with an increased risk of persistent trophoblastic disease (invasive mole) or choriocarcinoma. Can develop at any age, but there is an increased risk in teens and between 40 and 50 years. Moles are of two types;

1. Complete mole: results from fertilization of an egg that has lost its chromosomes, and the genetic material is completely paternally derived. In this all or most of the villi are enlarged and edematous, and there is diffuse trophoblastic hyperplasia.

 2. Partial moles: result from fertilization of an egg with two sperm. In these fetal parts are more commonly present and while some of the villi are edematous others show only minor changes; also the trophoblastic proliferation is focal and less marked. 

History:

25yrs old female presented with passing of grape like masses per Vagina. 

Key Questions & Answers

1) Describe the gross features of the specimen.

Specimen consists of multiple translucent grape like structures of varying sizes.  The cystic structures are thin walled and filled with clear fluid.

2) Identify the microscopic features of the given slide.

The slide shows edematous avascular villi with trophoblastic proliferation of cells.

3) Diagnose the pathological condition correlating the history, gross and     

microscopic features. 

The diagnosis is hydatidiform mole.

4) What is the malignant counterpart of the condition?

The malignant counterpart is choriocarcinoma. 

5) Which serum marker is elevated in this condition?

Serum Human chorionic Gonadotrophin. (HCG) levels are elevated