A. Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Benign prostatic hyperplasia:

Common disorder in men over 50yrs. The main cause of the hyperplastic process is reduction of the rate of cell death. Androgens which are required for development of BPH, not only increase cellular proliferation, but also inhibit cell death.  

History:

70-year-old male patient presented with increased frequency of micturition since 6 months and dysuria since 15 days.

Key Questions & Answers

1) Describe the gross features of the specimen.

I. Specimen of enlarged prostate.

II. Cut surface shows multiple well defined nodules of varying size.

2) Identify the microscopic features of the given slide.

I. Proliferation of glands and stroma.

II. Glands show papillary projections lined by two layers of cells.

3) Diagnose the pathological condition correlating the history, gross and microscopic features.

Benign Prostatic hyperplasia

4) What is the hormone responsible for the above condition?

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

5) Mention the utility of PSA.

It is used as a tumor marker for carcinoma prostate.