A. Cirrhosis

A. Cirrhosis:

Is the end stage of chronic liver disease and the most important causes include alcohol abuse, viral hepatitis and non alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Gross:

1. Specimen of liver shows diffuse nodularity on outer surface

2. Cut section shows diffuse micro and macro nodules, separated by delicate fibrous septa

Microscopy

Cirrhosis (1).png

Loss of architecture of liver.
Regenerating nodules of hepatocytes surrounded by fibrous septa.

Diagnosis

Cirrhosis

Key Questions & Answers

1.Define cirrhosis and mention the causes of cirrhosis.

Chronic, diffuse end stage liver disease characterized by bridging fibrous septa, parenchymal nodules and disruption of the architecture of the entire liver.

Causes-Alcohol

-Viral hepatitis

-Biliary diseases

-Primary Hemochromatosis

-Wilson’s disease

-Cryptogenic cirrhosis

2.Mention the microscopic features of cirrhosis.

-lossof architecture of liver

-regenerating nodules of hepatocytes surrounded by fibrous septa.

3.Mention the complications of cirrhosis.

-portal hypertension

-progressive hepatic failure

-variceal bleed

-Hepatocellular carcinoma

4.What are the features of portal hypertension?

-ascites, portosystemic shunts and spleenomegaly

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