Chart-6

A 25 year old female complains of fever and tiredness since 15 days. 

Laboratory findings

Hemoglobin         - 7 gm/dl

Hematocrit          - 21 %

Reticulocyte count-    10%

Peripheral blood smear

COOMBS TEST (GEL CARD METHOD) 

A. Interpret the peripheral blood smear and Coomb’s test. 

• RBCs are normocytic normochromic, many polychromatophilic RBCs and normoblasts are seen, agglutination of RBCs and spherocytes are also seen. 

• WBCs are normal in number, morphology and distribution. 

• Platelets are adequate 

Coomb’s Test- POSITIVE 

B. What is the diagnosis? 

Immune hemolytic Anemia 

C. What are the causes? 

1. Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) 

• Warm antibody type AIHA 

➢ Idiopathic, drugs, viral infections, autoimmune disorders, lymphoproliferative disorders 

• Cold antibody type AIHA 

➢ Infections, autoimmune disorders, chronic lymphoproliferative disorders 

2. Alloimmune 

• Haemolytic transfusion reaction 

• Haemolytic disease of newborn